What Is a Control Group Definition and Explanation

A control group in a scientific experiment is a group separated from the rest of the experiment, where the independent variable being tested cannot influence the results. This isolates the independent variables effects on the experiment and can help rule out alternative explanations of the experimental results.Control groups can also be separated into two other types: positive or negative.Positive control groups are groups where the conditions of the experiment are set to guarantee a positive result. A positive control group can show the experiment is functioning properly as planned.Negative control groups are groups where the conditions of the experiment are set to cause a negative outcome.Control groups are not necessary for all scientific experiments. Controls are extremely useful where the experimental conditions are complex and difficult to isolate. Example of a Negative Control Group Negative control groups are particularly common in science fair experiments, to teach students how to identify the independent variable. A simple example of a control group can be seen in an experiment in which the researcher tests whether or not a new fertilizer has an effect on plant growth. The negative control group would be the set of plants grown without the fertilizer, but under the exact same conditions as the experimental group. The only difference between the experimental group would be whether or not the fertilizer was used. There could be several experimental groups, differing in the concentration of fertilizer used, its method of application, etc. The null hypothesis would be that the fertilizer has no effect on plant growth. Then, if a difference is seen in the growth rate of the plants or the height of plants over time, a strong correlation between the fertilizer and growth would be established. Note the fertilizer could have a negative impact on growth rather than a positive impact. Or, for some reason, the plants might not grow at all. The negative control group helps establish that the experimental variable is the cause of atypical growth, rather than some other (possibly unforeseen) variable. Example of a Positive Control Group A positive control demonstrates an experiment is capable of producing a positive result. For example, lets say you are examining bacterial susceptibility to a drug. You might use a positive control to make sure the growth medium is capable of supporting any bacteria. You could culture bacteria known to carry the drug resistance marker, so they should be capable of surviving on a drug-treated medium. If these bacteria grow, you have a positive control that shows other drug-resistance bacteria should be capable of surviving the test. The experiment could also include a negative control. You could plate bacteria known not to carry a drug resistance marker. These bacteria should be unable to grow on the drug-laced medium. If they do grow, you know there is a problem with the experiment.

The Quest to Moral Perfection - 1689 Words

Morality: it is a term that is questioned at every corner of every day. The moral idea ranges from something small such as helping an old women cross the street, to the extreme such as the recent actions taken by politicians to limit public union rights in Wisconsin. Dictating the difference between right and wrong has been an issue that dates to the times before Christ, where the idea of moral perfection was used to determine one’s right of passage into heaven. It was not until Benjamin Franklin, who published a guide within of his autobiography, describing thirteen steps to achieving moral perfection. Franklin used these morality milestones to thrive in living a successful life and eventually become one of the founding fathers of the†¦show more content†¦I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved—I do not expect the house to fall—but I do expect it will cease to be divide d. It will become all one thing or all the other. This quote suggests that Lincoln stood by his principles, which is the perfect of Resolution. He would go out and build on his principles and rebuild a torn nation from the ground to the world’s great nation again. Franklin shared these same principles when it came to his person and private life. For instance he strived to be the better philosopher from his young ages, he also did not just invent one thing but to keep striving to be better and making humanity better in its own way. It almost seems that resolution was the background to making the thirteen virtues. The next two virtues apply to not only his job but also anyone who takes on the active role of following these guidelines; they are frugality and industry. It is a common practice to cut cost in any business, to buy cheap but effective equipment to lower the cost to the consumer. Franklin most likely used this to his ability when going in and out of printing presses and making his own. Having the top of the line equipment may seem great but at times is not necessary. Frugality also promotes more success when the cost to run a business is declining more money is being put towardsShow MoreRelatedWhiplash, A 2014 American Drama Film786 Words   |  4 Pagesstudent-teacher relationship in the quest better their craft. Directed by Damien Chazelle and starring Miles Teller (Andrew) and J.K. Simmons (Fletcher), the film portrays how far a teacher would go to push his students to greatness. Simmons seizes the role of the instructor of the jazz band with enthusiasm and brutality alike. J .K. Simmons offers an unforgettable and award winning performance as he teaches his students in the style of jazz. For Fletcher, perfection and toughness are indivisible, andRead MoreSymbolism In The Birthmark By Nathaniel Hawthorne792 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The birthmark†, a short story written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1844 tells the story of a man obsessed with human perfection. He is a scientist by the name of Aylmer who has recently married a very beautiful woman named Georgina. Although Georgina is a beautiful woman, she has a birthmark in the shape of a tiny hand on her cheek. He sees the birthmark as a flaw and as an opportunity to perfect the already beautiful woman he loves. Aylmer, a perfectionist and ambitious scientist becomes obsessedRead MoreThe United States Of America945 Words   |  4 PagesIndeed, Franklin’s idea of the public library in Philadelphia occurred after several meetings at the â€Å"JUNTO club mutual improvement† each Friday evenings that he created in 1727. 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The opening historical recounting, according to Richard Hamilton Green, reminds the reader that â€Å"the greatness of the past is marred by reminders of failure† (179). The paradox of triumph and greatness arising out of failure foreshadows Sir Gawain following the same pattern of fate as his predecessors. While the completion of Gawain’s quest reaffirms the historical paradox of greatness, his journeyRead MoreHuman Selfless or Selfish in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald13 02 Words   |  6 PagesGoodman Brown† and The Scarlett Letter, as well as F. Scott Fitzgerald’s renowned novel, The Great Gatsby, all reference the idea that people impulsively pursue perfection, as determined by their community’s values. While different communities establish different standards for perfection, society as whole romanticizes the idea of perfection and subsequently people strive to create the illusion of a perfect life. 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The protagonist, a scientist named Aylmer, attempts to attain perfection for his new wife Georgiana, by removing a birthmark resembling a small hand from her left cheek. Written in 1843, it was Hawthorne’s first work of fiction right after he married his wife, Sophia Read MoreImpact Of Indian Folk Drama985 Words   |  4 Pagesthe classical playwright Bhasa. Bhasa, considered as the earliest playwright, renders the episodes from the Mahabharata and Ramayana in a manner quite different from the later playwrights. In his plays, even the mythological episodes have a wider moral and human perspective. This method of linking individual happiness and tragedy, success and failure with wider social values is in keeping with the basic Indian dramatic approach. It was this element of the traditional Indian theatre which was revived

Newly Adopted Accounting Practices Rules †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Newly Adopted Accounting Practices Rules? Answer: Introducation This report reflects the key understanding on the accounting practices and particular changes arise after implementation of newly adopted accounting practices and rules. In this report, key area of management accounting is related to the management accounting practice and benefits arise from the newly introduced accounting practice on the business organizations. With the increasing ramification of economic changes, management accounting practice has been changing throughout the time and it is becoming cumbersome process for accountant to comply with implemented rules and regulations in determined approach. In this report, various newly introduced accounting rules and adopted management process system have been taken into consideration. It is considered that management department has to ensure all the changes in accounting rules and regulation with a view to adopt new process system and process management in determined approach. These accountants have to evaluate whether company is co mplying with all the rules and applicable standard while running its business effectively in organization (Muckstadt Sapra, 2010). Changes in the focus of management accounting practices As per the perception of Muckstadt Sapra, (2010) it is reflected that with the increasing ramification of economic changes, management accounting practice has been changing and it is becoming cumbersome process for accountant to comply with implemented rules and regulations in determined approach. These changing factors are imposing the requirement on business to change their ways of operating a management of business. There are several big organizations such as G.E. capital, Wesfarmers, Woolworth and Morrison plc. That has adopted changed management accounting practice in their accounting and reporting frameworks. These changed have been adopted with a view to strengthen the accounting and reporting frameworks of organization and increasing transparency of business functioning to their shareholders. As per the perception of Christ, Burritt (2013) it is reflected that there are several management accounting techniques which have been adopted by organizations such as cost management technique, ABC accounting technique, LIFO, FIFO methods, overhead absorption and apportions accounting technique and costing technique. However, accountants have become aware about these accounting techniques to manage their accounting practice in determined approach. Nonetheless, Multinational organizations set up different big rules and regulations for the management accounting practices with a view to strengthen the accounting and reporting frameworks and increasing transparency of business functioning to their shareholders. Ideally, when companies adopt different management accounting practice, then they have to evaluate various factors such as life cycle of business, size of business, regulatory requirements, modernisations of techniques and inventory management techniques. Management Accountants role in the contemporary business world As stated by Needle, (2010) it is reflected that with the changes in economic factors and business conditions, accountant has various responsibilities of management accountant and other executives of management. Management accountant has covered not only accounting task to manage the business transactions but also play important role in playing financial tasks in determined approach. However, there are several reporting and analysis work which are played by accountant in an organization. Reporting and analysis work: As per the views of Hada, Chakravarty Mukherjee, (2014) it is divulged that Reporting of financial statement to stakeholders is an important functioning of organizations. The management accountant is responsible for preparation the management accountant is responsible for preparation of reports on the functioning of various operations and to identify the root causes of any deficiency in the operations. Also the accountant is required to apply the analytical skills to the data of the company to compare the actual results with the benchmarks and to report the deviations, if any with the suitable recommendations. Formulation of Strategies: The management accountants are responsible to formulate the strategies for the management and the effective implementation of the same so as to achieve the targets and the goals effectively. Decision Making: The decision making function is the most crucial function in any organization as it require good amount of information to take important decisions for the company. The management accountant provides material and necessary to the top level management. Interpretation of Information: Management accountant helps in the interpretation of financial information provided to the management so that it becomes easy for the managers to understand the operating results. Advisor: Cost management is supposed to provide the best advice relation to various crucial matters on which management has to take firm decisions. The accountant is required to provide the advice which is best suitable to the company so as to improve the overall performance of the different functions of the company. Change Manager: As organization has to adapt to the changes that are rapidly occurring in the environment in which it is operating, the management accountant will help the firm to cope up with the changes by identifying and assessing the need and implications of changes through provision of updated information (Christ, Burritt 2013) Performance measurement: The management accountant helps the organization in measuring the performance of overall organization as well as the performance of individuals of the management such as employees and the managers. Customers value and Shareholders wealth As per the views of Iyer, et al. (2015) it is divulged that creation of customers value is very important business functioning of organization. It is considered that if amount paid by customer to buy goods and services from the market is high as compared to the satisfaction they get from the market then customers value would be high. It is further observed that in case if customers get high satisfaction from the purchased goods and services then in this customers value would be high. It is observed that accountant management could increase the overall client satisfaction if they implement proper management accounting system to record financial and non-financial transactions in determined approach. There are several companies such as G.E. capital, Wesfarmers, Woolworth and Morrison plc. who have created core competency in creation of customers value and shareholders wealth. These companies have developed organization culture by implementing proper level of policies and frameworks and delivering best level of services to clients. Customers in the market could evaluate the brand image and value chain activities of organization by understanding financial statements in determined approach. Application of different level of accounting practice and developed accounting plans has helped G.E. capital, Wesfarmers, Woolworth and Morrison plc. to creation customers value in the market. This has not only increased overall clients buying habits but also enhance the brand image of company in market. This creation of customers value is key pillar for the success of organization and it could be created by increasing the overall quality of client and production efficiency in determined approach (Iyer, et al. 2015). Shareholders wealth Shareholders are the key persons of company who make investment and provide capital to run the business. With the help of effective accounting management practice, company could increase the overall transparency of business and showcase the real earning to its stakeholders. It is further observed that if company increase the earning per share then it will eventually increase the overall shareholders health. Companies like G.E. capital, Wesfarmers, Woolworth and Morrison plc. have been offering high amount of earning per share to its shareholders. Morrison plc. offered 1.23 points average EPS to its shareholders since last five years data. On the other hand, Woolworth and Wesfarmers shared approximately 1.92 points average EPS to its shares. Company could increase the shareholders health by offering dividend, bonus shares and other retained earnings for the betterment of shareholders earning. However, various companies such as BP Billiton and Rio Tinto instead of offering dividend to its shareholders plug back all the profit earned in the business functioning of organization. This process will not only increase the overall value capital of the organizations but also provide high level of value creation to shareholders who invested their money in organization. It is observed that if company must focus on maximization of companys performance and increasing the overall value of capital. If companies fail to create value of investment then it will decrease the value of company in shareholders mind. However, each and every companies issues dividend, shareholders rights issues and other right to its shareholders with a view to establish proper level of nexus between companys welfare and shareholders wealth in effective manner. This shareholders wealth could be increased if company have proper level of harmonization in plugging back of profit and distributing overall earning to its shareholders (Iyer, et al. 2015). As stated by Muckstadt Sapra, 2010 it is reflected that after evaluating these two issues given above, it could be inferred that if organizations are making proper level of efforts then these two issues could be mitigated in determined approach. It is evaluated that company needs to identify the best possible efforts method such as issues of stock options, issues of right shares, dividend and other benefits to shareholders to increase the overall shareholders wealth. It is considered that shareholders wealth is completely dependent upon two factors such as distributions of companys benefits to shareholders and increase in the invested capital of company. Another issue is related to providing customers satisfaction to clients in the market. If company re-engineering its value chain activities to increase the effectiveness of overall efficiency of business then it will also increase the client satisfaction and brand image of company in the market. Contemporary techniques of resource management: It is observed that if company manages its resources such as financial, operating and other resources in effective manner then it will result to following benefits to organization such as creation of synergy in market, development of core competency and offering high level of quality and management of business (Muckstadt Sapra, 2010). Resources management is the system of management of resources of company in easy and determined approach with a view to create value of investment and efficiency of business. With the help of this resources management of business, company could reduce the wastage and by products of business. However, there are several techniques and methods which are very crucial for the management of business resources in company such as ABC costing technique, cost management method and absorption and appropriation of expenses in different department and determining the economic batch quantity by establishment of Economic order quantity of business. However, management of resources is done by using LIFO and FIFO method in inventory management technique (Hansen, 2011). It is considered that LIFO, FIFO and setting economic order of quantity is the most common method which company could use with a view to reduce the wastage and overburden of inventories in warehouse of the business. There are several c ompanies such as G.E. capital, Wesfarmers, Woolworth and Morrison plc. who have been using inventory management business technique to maintain proper level of inventory in warehouse. Target costing: This is the technique which is used to determine the margin company needs to earn after selling products and services. This target costing also helps company to reduce the complexity of business and reduce the byproducts (Baker English, 2011). Activity Based Budgeting- This is the budgeting process which helps organization to prepare budgeting process to analysis the cost attributable for the different department of organization. This Activity based budgeting assists company to evaluate the revenue and other associated cost of particular department and organizations in determined approach. This Activity based budgeting will help company to evaluate the historical budget information and prepare an effective inventory management plan. This will not only help in reducing overall cost of particular process system but will organization to create core competency in the production of organization This Activity based budgeting provide effective control on the management of expenses and inventory management of business. Nonetheless, this is very costly process and may result to increment in overall production cost for the particular time period (Lambert Pezet, 2011). Total quality management: This technique is developed with a view to increase the total quality of offered goods and service for the better satisfaction of clients. This TQM assists in increasing the overall efficiency of business and customized overall goods and services in determined approach. This TQM method is used by organization to set up particular standards and quality benchmark to increase the overall efficiency of business. Resource levelling: This technique is developed with a view to increase the overall efficiency of company to increase the satisfaction of clients managed in order to handle the constraint effectively. Six sigma: This is the set standard which is used by company for the quality check or proof reading of work. This Six sigma process is highly used by GE capital to evaluate its value chain activities (Hirst, Thompson Bromley, 2015). Logistic management: This process is used to manage the flow of goods and services from one place to another place. This logistic management implement efficient business functioning and decrease the complexity of value chain activities. Cost allocation Methods: Allocation of cost is different department is very necessary task for determining the cost of productions and units produced. However, there are several methods such as ABC costing, traditional costing and other methods to make bifurcation of cost in different department in determine approach (Dunning, 2014). Direct Method: This method is most common method in which all the cost is directly bifurcated into different department of organization. Step down Method: In this method all the associated department and functions share the expenses and overhead cost in different particular department. Reciprocal Method: With the help of this method, proper allocation of expenses in different department is based on the recognition of corresponding services to the service departments. However, this method is complicate and result to high level of complexity to determine the reciprocal allocation of indirect expenses in concerned department (Needle, 2010). However, it is evaluated that direct cost is allocated directly to the concerned department but allocation of indirect cost is based on the different cost drivers such as variable cost, number of hours and labour machinery working (Boxall Purcell, 2011). The cost is allocated by using cost actual labour or machinery working in the business process of organization. References Abdullah, Y. H., Jadhav, K. D., Borhade, S. (2014). The Effect of Applying Activity Based Costing Technique on Financial Performance of Service Industry: A Case Study of Levare Consultants Pvt. Ltd.Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies,2(4). Aminian, V., Nejad, A., Mortaji, S., Bagherpour, M. (2016). A modified earned value management using activity based costing.Journal of Project Management,1(2), 41-54. Baker, H. K., English, P. (2011).Capital budgeting valuation: Financial analysis for today's investment projects(Vol. 13). John Wiley Sons. Bayati, M., Ahari, A. M., Badakhshan, A., Gholipour, M., Joulaei, H. (2015). Cost Analysis of MRI Services in Iran: An Application of Activity Based Costing Technique.Iranian Journal of Radiology,12(4). Boxall, P., Purcell, J. (2011).Strategy and human resource management. Palgrave Macmillan. Cassettari, L., Mosca, M., Mosca, R., Rolando, F., Costa, M., Pisaturo, V. (2016). IVF cycle cost estimation using Activity Based Costing and Monte Carlo simulation.Health care management science,19(1), 20-30. Cuguer-Escofet, N., Fito, M. (2016). The Impact of ABC Costing Systems to Solve Managerial Cost Problems: A Real Improvement, a Fad or a Fashion?. Cuguer-Escofet, N., Fito, M. (2016). The Impact of ABC Costing Systems to Solve Managerial Cost Problems: A Real Improvement, a Fad or a Fashion?. Dunning, J. H. (2014).The Globalization of Business (Routledge Revivals): The Challenge of the 1990s. Routledge. Ebrahimian, H., Taheri, B., Yousefi, N. (2015). Optimal operation of energy at hydrothermal power plants by simultaneous minimization of pollution and costs using improved ABC algorithm.Frontiers in Energy,9(4), 426-432. Hada, M. S., Chakravarty, A., Mukherjee, P. (2014). Activity based costing of diagnostic procedures at a nuclear medicine center of a tertiary care hospital.Indian journal of nuclear medicine: IJNM: the official journal of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, India,29(4), 241. Hansen, S. C. (2011). A theoretical analysis of the impact of adopting rolling budgets, activity-based budgeting and beyond budgeting.European Accounting Review,20(2), 289-319. Hirst, P., Thompson, G., Bromley, S. (2015).Globalization in question. John Wiley Sons. Iyer, P., Liu, Y., Sadeghpour, F., Brennan, R. W. (2015). A fuzzy-logic based resource levelling optimisation tool.IFAC-PapersOnLine,48(3), 1942-1947. Lambert, C., Pezet, E. (2011). The making of the management accountantBecoming the producer of truthful knowledge.Accounting, Organizations and Society,36(1), 10-30. Mashayekhi, B., Ara, M. (2017). Activity-Based Costing in the Hospitality Industry: A Case Study in a Hotel.World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering,11(9), 2072-2076. Muckstadt, J. A., Sapra, A. (2010). EOQ Model.Principles of Inventory Management, 17-45. Needle, D. (2010).Business in context: An introduction to business and its environment. Cengage Learning EMEA. Raab, C., Zemke, D. M. (2016). Activity-Based Costing in the Restaurant Industry: What's Past Is Prologue.The Journal of Hospitality Financial Management,24(2), 133-146.

Simulation and Supply Chain Management

Introduction In the current global economy, organisations become successful depending on how well they are in a position to utilise and manage their supply chain. Supply chain forms a vital component of flow of materials in any organisation. A majority of the organisations has developed policies aimed at supply chain management, which work differently in different industries.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Simulation and Supply Chain Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Chang and Makatsoris (2001), supply chain management was coined in the early 90s and it entails the process where manufacturers, suppliers, warehouses, and retailers are integrated with the aim of efficiency and cost reduction. When trying to put up systems to be utilised in organisations, some challenges may be encountered, which may affect the operation of the final product, hence the need for a simulation. The conventional definition of simulation holds that simulation is a model of the actual system, which can be experimented with the aim of predicting the efficiency of the real system (Banks 1998). Supply chain management can be simulated to establish the likely outcomes as the various parts are reconfigured or interfered with to achieve a particular result. Simulation can currently be achieved using special software that is in a position to generate the actual program, process, or product. One of the software used for this purpose is the Simul8, which will be utilised in this model. An example of a company that will be utilised in this simulation project is Paisley Pallets (LLc.), which is a family-owned business entity that has produced pallets since the beginning of the year 1965. The company operates in more than 50 countries and it produces pallets that are vital in the logistics industry. It has continued to be the leader in the market with more than 100,000 people visiting its different outle ts in a single year and more than 12,000 people working under the organisation. The company has a clear supply-chain management policy and a simulation of its manufacturing process and supply chain management is possible. This part is a literature review on simulation and supply chain management with a focus on the areas that simulation is applied and some of its advantages and disadvantages. Simulation and areas of application As aforementioned, simulation is used to create a model of a part of the real world, with the aim being to use this substitute to experiment or predict changes when alterations are made (Hollocks 1995). Simulation can be applied in a number of fields to predict changes when variations are made to the normal or known operational characteristics of any system. However, according to Hollocks (1995), the most common field where simulation is applied is in the manufacturing industry. Other sectors where simulation is applied include the finance, health, service, a nd retail sectors (Hollocks 1995).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Simulation allows the mitigation of crisis in any industry and supply chains are currently being made efficient by simulation. In the present day, global trade is a characteristic of any industry and supply chains of present day organisations run through continents, and thus simulations finds wide application in such areas. Therefore, supply chain management has evolved to be an important component of any organisational management. The simulation of supply chain is one of the methods that are currently being utilised by organisations to improve on their efficiency and output. As Ebrahimy, AbouRizk, Fernando, and Mohamed (2011) state, there are a number of toolkits that may be utilised in the simulation of a supply chain in organisations, but in their research, they focused on construction simulation tools Car son (2005, p. 17) describes a simulation model as a ‘descriptive model of a process or system and usually it includes parameters that allow the model to be configurable; that is, to represent a number of somewhat different system or process configurations’. Through the different configurations that are available, one can alter this model to achieve the desired results. Khorramabady (2006) posits that a good supply chain model should have a detailed model of the project, as well as a detailed upstream supply chain model, with the two constituting the two main important components. Supply chain management is reported to improve over the last few decades and one of the contributing factors is the presence of simulation as a tool. Zee and Vorst (2005) state that simulation has become an important tool in decision making in matters to do with supply chain management. The construction industry is one of the industries with complex supply chains, and thus in this industry, sup ply chain management is vital. Demand variability can adversely affect logistics management in the industry and its complexity can be addressed through a stochastic simulation modelling approach (Vadalakis, Tookey Sommervile 2011). Other researchers who recognise simulation as being important in supply chain management are Vankateswaran and Son (2004), and their experimental results emphasised on the same. They also state that more research is needed to test the experiments in different conditions of supply chains to prove that the use of simulation is efficient enough in different settings (Vankateswaran Son 2004). One of the products of simulation in supply chain management is the scheduling models that are applied in manufacturing, which improve the supply chain performance in the industry (Selvarajah Zhang 2013). Simulation of interaction between clients and organisations has also led to improvement in the workshop environment, which is attributable to facilitated modelling ( Robinson et al. 2014).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Simulation and Supply Chain Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Organisations do not exist in a vacuum and thus companies should engage with like-minded partners to improve on their performance in the industry. As such, partnerships have been developed in the supply chain systems especially for the multinational logistics networks. However, for large companies, local simulation paradigms are used in supply chains within the organisation to verify policies (Terzi Cavalieri 2004). Agriculture is another important industry where simulation is used in supply chain management. According to Cacho and Power (2014, p. 31), simulation can be used to develop a bio-economic model to estimate a stochastic risk frontier, which ‘is a novel approach to investigate the effects of management on the trade-offs between farm business profit and risk’. Long o (2011) also states that the use of simulation in supply chain management can be important in reducing crisis especially after the economic crisis that followed the major disasters in history. Long, Lin, and Sun (2011) suggest the use of simulation as a replacement for the traditional analytical model, which is unable to cope with the current supply chains that exist. According to Yang, Koziel, and Leifsson (2013, p. 859), some of the important trends in simulation and supply chain management include ‘nature-inspired meta-heuristic algorithms, Surrogate-based model and optimisation, Green computing and grid computing’. Various software tools are used in simulation in supply chain management and some of these tools include the Simul8. This computer package allows users to generate events and objects, which are defined in various characteristics to allow the simulation of the desired results. The software also comes with a number of plug-ins that maximises on its efficie ncy and ensures that the user is in a position to create the model as it appears in reality. Updates have also been made available, thus adding a number of advanced features. Gonzales (2013) also presents software that may be used in simulation of multiple models. However, further research is needed in some areas such as in supply chains with more than two stages as it exists in some industries (Albino, Carbonara Giannoccaro 2007). Advantages A number of advantages are associated with the use of simulation in supply chain management. One of the major advantages to the use of simulation in supply chain management is the reduction in operating time and costs (Hollocks 1995). Simulation allows the actual management of the supply chain to be efficient, and one of the ways in which the program achieves this goal is through a faster implementation of changes and reduction of the capital costs (Hollocks 1995).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Simulation has also allowed organisations to reduce the time taken to design a product and avail it to the market. Courtesy of this development, organisations can now ensure that products are always available in the market and at the right time. This move has ensured increased performance and profitability for companies that have adopted these policies. Some of the other benefits of using simulation as opposed to trying things in the real world include the reduction of risks (Vadalakis, Tookey Sommervile 2011). Organisations are in a position to simulate the supply chain and make alterations where potential risks arise, which has aided in risk reduction. Through simulation, managers and other parties involved in the supply chain can now have an understanding of how the process works, which leads to increased output and efficiency (Hollocks 1995). The program is also known to improve communication in organisations, as well as creating better working teams and skills (Hollocks 1995). Carson (2005) also states that simulation allows the identification of problems before a system is built or modified and at the same time allows for studies in dynamic systems. Disadvantages Whereas simulation in the supply chain has a number of advantages, a number of shortcomings are associated with this program. One of the demerits is that the creation of a simulation is time-consuming (Carson 2005). The time taken to develop the appropriate systems is important for the organisation as a whole and could be utilised in other activities. However, the advantages that come with simulation outweigh this disadvantage. The data that is also required in the construction of simulations is also costly to obtain and in some instances, it is not available to the organisations (Carson 2005). The making of simulations is important in the decision making for organisations on the appropriate supply chain policies. For effective decisions to be made, time should be invested. However, in the use of simulation, the time available before the decision making process is insufficient (Carson 2005). These are some of the disadvantage of the use of simulation in supply chain management. Reference List Albino, V, Carbonara, N, Giannoccaro, I 2007, ‘Supply chain cooperation in industrial districts: A simulation analysis’, European Journal of Operational Research  vol. 177 no. 1, pp. 261–280. Banks, J 1998, Handbook of Simulation: Principles, Methodology, Advances,  Applications, and Practice, Wiley, New York. Cacho, O Power, B 2014, ‘Identifying risk-efficient strategies using stochastic frontier analysis and simulation: An application to irrigated cropping in Australia’,  Agricultural Systems, vol.125 no. 6, pp. 23–32. Carson, J 2005, Introduction to Modelling and Simulation, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.120.8277rep=rep1type=pdf Chang, Y Makatsoris, H 2001, ‘Supply Chain Modelling Using Simulationâ €™,  Information Journal of Simulation, vol. 2 no. 1, pp. 24-30. Ebrahimy, Y, AbouRizk, S, Fernando, S Mohamed, Y 2011, ‘Simulation modelling and sensitivity analysis of a tunnelling construction project’s supply chain’,  Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, vol.18 no.5, pp. 462-480. Gonzales, F 2013, ‘Real-Time Simulation, and Control of Large Scale Distributed Discrete Event Systems’, Procedia Computer Science, vol. 16 no. 1, pp. 177–186. Hollocks, B 1995, ‘The Impact of Simulation in Manufacturing Decision Making’,  Control Engineering Practice, vol. 3 no. 1, pp. 106-112. Khorramabady Y 2006, Symphony Supply Chain Simulator: A Toolkit for Modelling  Supply Chain Coordination and Information Sharing, University of Alberta, Canada. Longo, F 2011, ‘Advances of modelling and simulation in supply chain and industry’,  Simulation: Transactions of the Society for Modelling and Simulation International, vol.87 no.8, pp. 651–656. Long, Q, Lin, J Sun, Z 2011, ‘Modelling and distributed simulation of supply chain with a multi-agent platform’, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing  Technology, vol. 55 no. 1, pp. 1241–1252. Robinson, S, Worthington, C, Burgess, N Radnor, Z 2014, ‘Facilitated modelling with discrete-event simulation: Reality or myth’, European Journal of Operational  Research, vol. 234 no. 1, pp. 231–240. Selvarajah, E Zhang, R, 2013, ‘Supply Chain Scheduling at the Manufacturer to Minimise Inventory Holding and Delivery Costs’, International Journal of Production  Economics, vol. 6 no. 1, pp. 117–124. Terzi, S Cavalieri, S 2004, ‘Simulation in the supply chain context: a survey’,  Computers in Industry, vol. 53 no. 1, pp. 3–16. Vadalakis, C, Tookey, J Sommervile, J 2011, ‘Logistics simulation modelling across construction supply chainsâ€⠄¢, Construction Innovation, vol. 11 no. 2, pp. 212-228. Vankateswaran, J Son, Y 2004, ‘Impact of modelling approximations in supply chain analysis – an experimental study’, International Journal of Production  Research, vol. 42 no.15, pp. 2971-92 Yang, X, Koziel, S Leifsson, L 2013, ‘Computational Optimisation, Modelling and Simulation: Recent Trends and Challenges’, Procedia Computer Science, vol.18 no.1, pp. 855 – 860. Zee, S Vorst, I 2005 ‘A Modelling Framework for Supply Chain Simulation: Opportunities for Improved Decision’, Decision Sciences, vol. 36 no. 1, pp. 65-95. This essay on Simulation and Supply Chain Management was written and submitted by user Emelia H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The fastest growing jobs and industries through 2023

The fastest growing jobs and industries through 2023 Even in a good economy, with significant job growth and high employment, there are shifts that favor some industries over others. According to a recent Careerbuilder study, this means good news and bad news for the U.S. job scene between now and 2023. First, the bad news: middle-wage jobs (like customer service representatives, maintenance workers, construction workers, or truck drivers, for some examples) are not expected to keep pace with high-wage jobs (like nurses, accountants, and IT specialists) and low-wage jobs (like home health aides, retail sales, and receptionists), which are both poised for serious growth. The study identified 121 jobs that will decline in growth between 2018 and 2023, and 75 of those jobs were considered middle-wage.But now the good news: these high- and low-wage fields are about to experience significant growth, meaning millions of job openings- approximately 8 million by 2023. Let’s look at some of the industries in the study, divided by high-, mid-, and low-wage job types.Fastest growing jobs   Fast-Growing Occupations By Wage Category Jobs Added, 2018-2023 % Change, 2018-2023 Median Hourly Pay High-Wage Registered Nurses 255,047 8.39% $33.55 Software Developers, Applications 143,466 15.57% $48.49 Postsecondary Teachers 110,955 7.25% $33.53 Accountants and Auditors 86,079 6.02% $32.33 Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists 83,187 12.60% $30.21 Computer User Support Specialists 54,044 7.48% $24.16 Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters 43,625 8.58% $23.72 Middle-Wage Customer Service Representatives 120,673 4.21% $15.88 Medical Assistants 102,274 14.51% $15.62 Construction Laborers 92,182 6.56% $14.73 Maintenance and Repair Workers, General 83,931 5.41% $18.08 Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses 55,345 7.34% $21.56 Light Truck or Delivery Service Drivers 48,837 5.12% $15.04 Billing and Posting Clerks 44,283 8.59% $17.85 Low-Wage Home Health Aides 207,732 22.42% $11.17 Waiters and Waitresses 146 ,281 5.49% $10.01 Retail Salespersons 108,229 2.37% $11.29 Cooks, Restaurant 100,664 7.46% $12.06 Nursing Assistants 96,384 6.33% $13.23 Security Guards 61,964 5.12% $12.97 Receptionists and Information Clerks 69,461 6.29% $13.70Trends in hiring over the next 5 yearsIf you’re in a field that’s expected to decline, this news can be dismaying for your career outlook. However, it’s also a great time to take stock of your career goals and your near future, and decide whether you’re able to adapt your skills to be more industry-flexible, or whether you’d like to change careers altogether to maximize your job potential.HealthcareHealthcare is one of the fields that is exploding now, and is likely to continue growing at a very fast pace for the foreseeable future.The healthcare field is popular because with a growing population (especially one that skews older and more in need of medical care), the need will continue to grow. But healthcare is also one of the most innovative fields, with digital equipment and recordkeeping requiring ever more tech-literate employees.TechnologyAs everything becomes more technology-focused, more and more companies will need dedicated tech teams and services to provide the digital infrastructure necessary to do business. People with IT expertise and skills will find themselves in demand in many different fields and companies. Having a flexible skill set that’s technologically advanced can help guarantee a spot in the digital jobs boom over the next several years.Data AnalysisEverything comes down to data these days, from marketing and customer service to accounting and financial data. This is also an area where a strong set of analytical and problem-solving skills can be applied across different industries, in different roles.Basically, the professional future is flexibility- if you’re willing to develop future-facing skills to go along with your education and experience base.

4 Key Characteristics that Professional Bio Writers Must Have

4 Key Characteristics that Professional Bio Writers Must Have 4 Key Characteristics that Professional Bio Writers Must Have Writing assignments require a lot of students’ attention and efforts. If a student decides to hire a professional writer to complete a writing assignment, they need to proceed with caution to make sure that the final draft will be at high quality. When students search for a person to handle their most important writing tasks, they need to pay close attention to the writer’s skills, the results of the previous works, the reviews they’ve been given by other students, and so on. No matter what genre a writer is working with, and it definitely applies to professional bio writers. When you hire a professional bio writer to take care of a writing assignment for you, here are 4 key characteristics that you need to look for. 1. Passionate about Books The writer must be absolutely passionate about books. If a bio author isn’t a bibliophile, there’s no way that they’ll ever be able to gain sufficient knowledge about a person’s life. This is especially true for biography writers dealing with historical figures from the distant past. The longer ago they lived, the more likely they are to have several books, and hundreds of essays written about them. Make sure that the professional bio writer you hire is a true book geek and loves nothing more than diving into hundreds of pages of history. 2. Skilled in Analytical Thinking The writer must be skilled in analytical thinking. Writing an excellent bio requires a writer to be able to juxtapose the facts of a person’s life. They’ll need to sort through contradictory information to find the most reliable sources available and avoid myths and common misconceptions. What you think happened and what really happened can be two very different things. If the writer you hire relies on the first source that they find instead of checking their facts and considering the validity of each source, your professor may be disappointed by the shallow research (and your grade may suffer accordingly). 3. Detail-Oriented The writer must be detail-oriented. Writing an engaging biography requires a writer to go beyond birth, death, and marriage dates and find out what happened in between. They’ll need to search for revealing details of a person’s life, perhaps found in personal correspondence, newspaper articles, or journal entries. Looking beyond a vague summary means that your professor will be delving into fascinating details when they read your paper instead of skimming over a dull summary. 4. Unpleasant Facts Are Mentioned too The writer must not gloss over unpleasant facts of the past. For example, women and minorities have been mistreated throughout much of human history, and while we no longer consider this acceptable, a good bio writer does not omit these details. A good man must not be made into a god by the omission of his having owned slaves or opposed women’s suffrage; instead, his character must be shown fully, with all its strengths and weaknesses together. If you’ll carefully check reviews and correspond with a bio writer to make sure that they follow these guidelines, you’ll be much more pleased with the product you receive. Students should always ensure that their hard-earned money is well-spent when entrusting bio writers with their grades. But you can hire a freelance academic writer to get a custom biography written from scratch.

4 Key Characteristics that Professional Bio Writers Must Have

4 Key Characteristics that Professional Bio Writers Must Have 4 Key Characteristics that Professional Bio Writers Must Have Writing assignments require a lot of students’ attention and efforts. If a student decides to hire a professional writer to complete a writing assignment, they need to proceed with caution to make sure that the final draft will be at high quality. When students search for a person to handle their most important writing tasks, they need to pay close attention to the writer’s skills, the results of the previous works, the reviews they’ve been given by other students, and so on. No matter what genre a writer is working with, and it definitely applies to professional bio writers. When you hire a professional bio writer to take care of a writing assignment for you, here are 4 key characteristics that you need to look for. 1. Passionate about Books The writer must be absolutely passionate about books. If a bio author isn’t a bibliophile, there’s no way that they’ll ever be able to gain sufficient knowledge about a person’s life. This is especially true for biography writers dealing with historical figures from the distant past. The longer ago they lived, the more likely they are to have several books, and hundreds of essays written about them. Make sure that the professional bio writer you hire is a true book geek and loves nothing more than diving into hundreds of pages of history. 2. Skilled in Analytical Thinking The writer must be skilled in analytical thinking. Writing an excellent bio requires a writer to be able to juxtapose the facts of a person’s life. They’ll need to sort through contradictory information to find the most reliable sources available and avoid myths and common misconceptions. What you think happened and what really happened can be two very different things. If the writer you hire relies on the first source that they find instead of checking their facts and considering the validity of each source, your professor may be disappointed by the shallow research (and your grade may suffer accordingly). 3. Detail-Oriented The writer must be detail-oriented. Writing an engaging biography requires a writer to go beyond birth, death, and marriage dates and find out what happened in between. They’ll need to search for revealing details of a person’s life, perhaps found in personal correspondence, newspaper articles, or journal entries. Looking beyond a vague summary means that your professor will be delving into fascinating details when they read your paper instead of skimming over a dull summary. 4. Unpleasant Facts Are Mentioned too The writer must not gloss over unpleasant facts of the past. For example, women and minorities have been mistreated throughout much of human history, and while we no longer consider this acceptable, a good bio writer does not omit these details. A good man must not be made into a god by the omission of his having owned slaves or opposed women’s suffrage; instead, his character must be shown fully, with all its strengths and weaknesses together. If you’ll carefully check reviews and correspond with a bio writer to make sure that they follow these guidelines, you’ll be much more pleased with the product you receive. Students should always ensure that their hard-earned money is well-spent when entrusting bio writers with their grades. But you can hire a freelance academic writer to get a custom biography written from scratch.